Epidemiology of Fatal Poisonings from Organophosphorus Compounds in Rangpur District, Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Organophosphorus compound (OPC) poisoning represents a significant public health issue in low- and middle-income countries. Globally, the WHO estimates three million annual cases of pesticide poisoning, resulting in 220,000 deaths, predominantly in international settings. In Bangladesh, OPCs are frequently used for suicide in rural areas due to their affordability, toxicity, and accessibility.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence, incidence by age and sex, and marital status of victims in cases of fatal organophosphorus poisoning in Rangpur District.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed all medicolegal autopsies conducted between October 2005 and January 2007 at the mortuary of Rangpur Medical College based on the history and preliminary findings of the deceased.

Results: Of the 282 medicolegal autopsies performed during the study period, 60 (21%) resulted from organophosphorus poisoning. Females accounted for the majority of victims (31, 52%) compared to males (29, 48%). The highest prevalence of organophosphorus poisoning occurred in the Mithapukur area (17, 28%), with the age group 21-30 years showing the highest incidence (38%). Acute poisoning was more prevalent among married individuals (80%) compared to unmarried individuals (20%).

Conclusion: Organophosphorus poisoning remains a significant healthcare challenge in Bangladesh. Enhanced awareness, restricted availability, and preventive measures are crucial for reducing mortality and morbidity associated with OPC poisoning.