Forensic Architecture creating a new dimension of truth reconstruction for the aesthetic of post-human testimony: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Forensic Architecture is an emergent interdisciplinary practice that applies architectural methodologies to the investigation of human rights violations, war crimes, and state violence. It redefines the concept of testimony by incorporating non-human agents and spatial evidence, thereby contributing to a post-human framework for truth reconstruction. Objective: This systematic review aims to explore the role of Forensic Architecture in criminal investigations, its application in producing post-human testimony, and its integration with circumstantial and documentary evidence to reconstruct events and promote accountability. Method: A systematic review was conducted from January to July 2025, focusing on national and international forensic events, journal articles, and documentary materials. A total of 30 relevant events and publications were analyzed using descriptive methods. Data were collected from a purposively selected sample and analyzed using SPSS 27. Results: The review identified eight primary domains of Forensic Architecture: architectural analysis, geospatial analysis, media analysis, environmental forensics, digital forensics, structural forensics, acoustic analysis, and legal interface. Case studies such as the Saydnaya Prison (Syria), Rafah airstrikes (Gaza), and the Beirut Port explosion illustrate its global impact. The sex distribution of subjects investigated showed 80% were male, and religious affiliation was predominantly Christian (73%). Major causes of death included road traffic accidents, burns, and firearm-related homicides. These trends suggest that Forensic Architecture is especially valuable in contexts involving violent, complex, or politically sensitive deaths. Conclusion: Forensic Architecture offers a vital framework for reimagining forensic investigation beyond conventional medico-legal boundaries. Its post-human approach, reliance on spatial and technological evidence, and interdisciplinary collaboration make it particularly suitable for countries lacking formal medical examiner systems. Greater integration of this methodology can enhance truth-seeking, judicial transparency, and public accountability in both local and global contexts.